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Charcoal. Fire wood Wood pellets - wood granules

Wood pellets - fuel granules. Biofuel.

Wood pellets (wood granules) - the alternative non-polluting fuel received from waste products wood industry. Wood pellets share on 2 categories: for use in a private sector and industrial pellets.

Fuel granules for use in a private sector differ high quality of raw material of which they are made. The maintenance(contents) of a bark in such granules should not exceed 5-7 % from total amount of raw material. Humidity pellets should not exceed 10 %. The surface pellets should be firm and brilliant. Wood pellets the first-rate quality should be white color. Such pellets use in boilers and fireplaces for heating private(individual) houses, cafe, restaurants, small office buildings etc. the Cindery rest of such wood granules does not exceed 0,5 % from volume of combustible fuel which may be used as fertilizer on an adjoining site.

Industrial pellets make of raw material more poor quality. The maintenance(contents) of a bark in such fuel may reach(achieve) 25 %. Accordingly and the cindery rest досточно big - no more than 3-5 %. But for industrial scales it not and is a lot of. The price such pellets, certainly, is lower and they are used in промышленых boiler installations. For a private sector such fuel is not recommended, since it essentially will increase the size of operational expenses.

 Wood pellets. Manufacture pellets. Fuel granules - PELLETS. Wood granules. Biofuel. Sale fuel wood pellets. Wood pellets.

Wood pellets price =115 € / 1000kg

Wood fuel granules ( Wood pellets )

the World(global) boom on wood fuel granules not only does not calm down, but also expands with new force. Granules in the European houses became habitual fuel, the most ecological and cheap in the world, " fuel of the future " as have nicknamed it(him) all over the world.

That such wood pellets?

At this product it is a lot of names. From foreign two are distributed: " Wood pellets " and "Holz-Pellets", or "Holzpellets". From Russian: "biogranules", " fuel granules ", "biomass", " опилочные granules ", but the most correct name " wood fuel granules ", or is simple "pellets".
- " Wood fuel granules " is the normalized cylindrical pressed product from dried up, left in To nature of residual wood, such, as a flour(torment) from work of the фрезерно-detachable machine tool, a shaving and the rests of wood wood.
- Wood granules are made without chemical fixers under a high pressure.
- Length of wood granules about 20-50 mm, diameter of 4-10 mm.
- Теплотворность wood granules it is equal 5 kw / hour on one kg.
- thus энергосодержание one kg of wood granules equally полулитру liquid fuel (a fuel diesel engine).

the Standard, norms for wood pellets

Wood granules are a standardized kind of fuel, therefore for them there are specifications, as GOST in our country. In Germany specifications (the requirement of quality) refer to as DIN (the German industrial standard). In Europe until recently used German standard DIN 51731 and the standard of Austria OENORMM7135.

In connection with arrival on the market of the low-grade wood granules made basically abroad, since spring 2002 of a granule in Germany receive new certificate DIN plus. This certificate has united German and Austrian standards. Advantage has received the requirement on истирание, and also rules and a technique of check. The main thing, on what the western consumers pay attention, are the sizes, зольность and истирание.

Quality wood pellets

Quality of granules is your direct currency benefit and profit. And to neglect it in no event it is impossible. Criteria on which quality of wood granules depends:
Raw material. as raw Material all coniferous breeds and soft grades of wood should serve. With firm grades there will be problems with the equipment. A plenty of a bark is an increase of emission of carbonic acid: she(it) should not exceed in many countries of Europe of 0,5 %. The raw material should not be old as it loses elasticity and, the main thing, internal energy which gives during combustion. The old which has deteriorated in storage, rotten raw material, as a rule, is struck грибком and a mould.
Humidity. Humidity before pressing should be no more than 10-12 %. At superfluous humidity at you may not buy production or strongly underestimate the price.
The equipment. Certainly, the equipment should answer the most rigid norms. At certification of production one of the important questions - the manufacturer of the equipment. The good equipment - qualitative granules and the high price.
Clearing, storage, transportation. If you have made qualitative wood granules, is yet all. Before packing of them it is necessary to clear of a dust. Further - to store(keep) in a dry place. Further - to transport protected from a moisture. After warehousing to not suppose strong loadings and friction.

Qualitative pellets - granules equal, without cracks, brilliant, well pressed, good энергообмен. Red inserts - the codes protecting the goods from fakes.

Poor-quality pellets - non-uniform, granules with cracks, рассыпается, энергообмен bad. Requirements to quality of wood granules as fuel are showed first of all by manufacturers of furnaces and boilers. In connection with that furnaces and boilers with automatic loading wood granules, biogranules are ultramodern heating units, to quality of fuel rigid requirements too should be showed. If they are not carried out, the manufacturer, first, may remove(take off) a guarantee, second, productivity of furnaces and boilers will fall sharply, and the charge of fuel to raise.

External attributes of high quality wood granules:
A surface. the Surface of granules should be smooth, brilliant not have cracks and swellings. It testifies to their durability and small истирании.
Diameter. meets 6 and 8 mm, much less often than 4 or 10 mm More often. Diameter subsequently plays a significant role in adjustment of work of the furnace and the boiler for effective heating. Greater or smaller diameter specifies, that the enterprises were not engaged in manufacture of wood granules, and made others гранулированные products.
Length. the Length of granules is limited for systems всасывания. Diameter шлагов in Europe does not allow to soak up a granule in length more than 50 mm. But the granule should not be infinitesimal on length.
A smell. Granules do not smell as a fur-tree. An easy sweetish smell of glue - an attribute of the high quality achievable by fluidity and high temperatures at гранулировании.
Color. Color should not be grey it specifies long lying of raw material, occurrence грибка, bad storage, that for wood is loss of energy. Love granules of light tone though dark colors are not an attribute of bad quality, but poor-quality granules, as a rule, dark color more.
A dust. the Big maintenance(contents) of a dust may result in the claim. It is an attribute fast истирания and bad quality. At storage in the closed bags of a dust, as a rule, it is less.
Wrong tests. it Is wrong to check granules разбавлением water. Yes, good granules quickly are not dissolved, but thus also the granules made with a plenty of fixers long are not dissolved. Check by a corner of a natural slope (<50 %) also is not an attribute of quality.
All these external attributes allow experts to define(determine) quality of raw material and the equipment and correctness of the technological circuit. However they may not be determining without criteria which are specified in specifications. The most reliable and simple way of quality check is check by the device (лигнотестером) on истирание.

Granules as fuel

As a kind of fuel wood granules (pellets) consider(examine) in Europe as " fuel of the future " or as " fuel with confidence in the future ".

Wood granules are not new raw material. In XIX century heated houses a shaving and sawdust, and for their transportation and warehousing weight condensed. In 1996 wood granules for the first time were certificated in Germany as a kind of fuel. Why such interest and boom on biofuel today has appeared?

Factors of fuel granules:

Возобновляемость
Wood granules as derivatives from wood are renewed raw material. And such fuel as petroleum or gas, with each year will grow in the price and will soon be finished.
Concentration
Wood granules (pellets) have high энергоконцентрацией at insignificant borrowed(occupied) volume. Except for it, granules may move in automatic furnaces and boilers, are easily transported and may be blown on a warehouse and transport.
Ashes
Ashes may be used as fertilizer or insignificant dust. Ashes makes only 1,5 % from weight of fuel. Ashes is cleaned(removed) in modern furnaces and boilers alternate years.
Weight
As granules have high bulk weight, places for warehousing it is required not much. For heating by granules of a house by the area 150 sq. m is required only 7,5 cube. M for a stock for one year.
Энергозатраты
For manufacture of wood granules It is required 3 % of expenses of energy. Thus at petroleum these энергозатраты make 10 %, and at the electric power - 60 %.
Competitiveness
Due to set forth above Ability to qualities wood granules (pellets) have High competitiveness in comparison with other kinds of fuel. The prices on pellets do not depend on jumps of the prices for mineral kinds of fuel and on increased ecological taxes. And if to take into account the price it is possible to look with hope in the future.

That such wood granules pellets, how fuel?

We result(bring) the data энергосодержания granules:
1 ton of wood granules is:
1, 5 m 3
500 litres
fuel "экстралегкого" a diesel engine
5000 kw / hour
1 m 3 wood granules is:
330 litres fuel "экстралегкого" a diesel engine
2 kg of wood granules is:
1 litre fuel "easy" a diesel engine

it Is resulted(brought) the comparative diagram of caloric content (heat of combustion) various types of wood fuel in comparison with wood granules.

 Wood granules - pellets. Biofuel

Use pellets. Furnaces, boilers

In the mass market four kinds of furnaces are now sold, Working on wood granules.
Sometimes boilers on wood granules combine With the boilers working on lumpy wood. Capacity of these boilers may reach(achieve) 50 МВт. These boilers are capable to be switched automatically From a mode of loading pellets in a mode of loading Wood. Combinations pellets-gas are applied, pellets-diesel engine, pellets-электро etc.

Ecology of use pellets

When in the western editions speak about advantages of wood granules, first of all the question is ecology. For today from all power-intensive kinds of fuel the most non-polluting is pellets. Certainly, today in Russia we not so reflect on ecology, we recollect it(her) only then when there are accidents. In the West on it not only reflect, but also punish, enter ecological taxes. And on the contrary, encourage everyone who uses non-polluting energy sources.
For example, that the family or the enterprise in Germany will establish the boiler working on fuel granules, the state pays the grant at a rate of 2500 Euros plus 50 Euros for everyone of 1 kw of the boiler (about 3000 Euros). Unless not stimulus?

Ecological factors PELLETS:

Reduction of a hotbed effect Released(exempted) carbonic acid (CO2) in wood granules is designated as "neutral". Wood releases(exempts) It is so much CO2, how many has accepted during growth (the closed carbon exchange). At combustion of mineral fuel the carbonic acid collected for millions of years, on the contrary, is released(exempted). And it conducts to increase of maintenance(contents) CO2 in an atmosphere and, hence, to an anthropogenous hotbed effect.
Reduction of acid rains Alongside with reduction of emissions углексилоты at use as fuel of wood granules there is a reduction of emission of dioxide (диоксида) sulfur. And it, in turn, results in reduction of acid rains and decrease(reduction) of destruction of a wood. Using wood as raw material, pellets as fuel finally protects our woods!
Reduction of risk of transportation Environmental contamination by such troubles as a passage from holes in bulk-oil tankers, failure on gas mains, power stations, including the atomic power station, completely disappear at use pellets. And danger of explosions, failures, a passage of the fuel, harmful emissions simply scanty in comparison with mineral kinds of fuel.

the comparative diagram of emission CO2 (г/кВт/hour) in an atmosphere of different heating systems (electric, on an easy diesel engine, gas and on wood granules) Below is resulted. And figures are given in view of emission CO2 necessary for reception of fuel. Without comments!

As an example: if only one family from three persons, living in the separate house, will proceed(pass) from the boiler working on diesel fuel, on the boiler with wood granules, it will release an atmosphere of emissions of 5 tons of carbonic acid per one year, and if with gas - 2,5 tons of harmful emissions.


Charcoal. Fire wood Wood pellets - wood granules



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